Citation:

nclimate1507

Name: Rising CO2 and increased light exposure synergistically reduce marine primary productivity
Published: 2012
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Chromista; Coast and continental shelf; Entire community; Growth/Morphology; Laboratory experiment; Light; North Pacific; Ochrophyta; Pelagos; Phaeodactylum tricornutum; Phytoplankton; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Single species; Skeletonema costatum; Temperate; Thalassiosira pseudonana; Tropical

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Abstract:

Carbon dioxide and light are two major prerequisites of photosynthesis. Rising CO2 levels in oceanic surface waters in combination with ample light supply are therefore often considered stimulatory to marine primary production. Here we show that the combination of an increase in both CO2 and light exposure negatively impacts photosynthesis and growth of marine primary producers. When exposed to CO2 concentrations projected for the end of this century, natural phytoplankton assemblages of the South China Sea responded with decreased primary production and increased light stress at light intensities representative of the upper surface layer. The phytoplankton community shifted away from diatoms, the dominant phytoplankton group during our field campaigns. To examine the underlying mechanisms of the observed responses, we grew diatoms at different CO2 concentrations and under varying levels (5-100%) of solar radiation experienced by the phytoplankton at different depths of the euphotic zone. Above 22-36% of incident surface irradiance, growth rates in the high-CO2-grown cells were inversely related to light levels and exhibited reduced thresholds at which light becomes inhibitory. Future shoaling of upper-mixed-layer depths will expose phytoplankton to increased mean light intensities. In combination with rising CO2 levels, this may cause a widespread decline in marine primary production and a community shift away from diatoms, the main algal group that supports higher trophic levels and carbon export in the ocean.

Keyword(s):

Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Chromista; Coast and continental shelf; Entire community; Growth/Morphology; Laboratory experiment; Light; North Pacific; Ochrophyta; Pelagos; Phaeodactylum tricornutum; Phytoplankton; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Single species; Skeletonema costatum; Temperate; Thalassiosira pseudonana; Tropical

Further details:

Lavigne, Héloïse; Gattuso, Jean-Pierre (2011): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 2.4. https://cran.r-project.org/package=seacarb

Project(s):

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Coverage:

Median Latitude: 21.050000 * Median Longitude: 116.166667 * South-bound Latitude: 18.000000 * West-bound Longitude: 113.000000 * North-bound Latitude: 30.000000 * East-bound Longitude: 124.500000

Date/Time Start: 2011-05-15T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2011-05-23T00:00:00

Minimum Elevation: -2.0 m * Maximum Elevation: 0.0 m

Event(s):

A4_SCS * Latitude: 20.800000 * Longitude: 115.200000 * Date/Time Start: 2010-10-22T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2010-11-25T00:00:00 * Elevation Start: 0.0 m * Elevation End: -2.0 m * Location: South China Sea * Method/Device: In situ sampler (ISS)

C3_SCS * Latitude: 20.600000 * Longitude: 114.200000 * Date/Time Start: 2011-04-30T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2011-05-25T00:00:00 * Elevation Start: 0.0 m * Elevation End: -2.0 m * Location: South China Sea * Method/Device: In situ sampler (ISS)

E606_SCS * Latitude: 18.900000 * Longitude: 114.100000 * Date/Time Start: 2010-10-22T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2010-11-25T00:00:00 * Elevation Start: 0.0 m * Elevation End: -2.0 m * Location: South China Sea * Method/Device: In situ sampler (ISS)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne and Gattuso, 2011) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2013-10-31.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Event label	Event
2	Figure	Fig		Gao, Kunshan
3	Treatment	Treat		Gao, Kunshan
4	DATE/TIME	Date/Time				Geocode
5	Time of day	Time of day		Gao, Kunshan
6	Irradiance	E	µmol/m²/s	Gao, Kunshan
7	Non photochemical quenching, standard deviation	NPQ std dev	±	Gao, Kunshan
8	Duration	Duration	h	Gao, Kunshan		Incubation time
9	Season	Season		Gao, Kunshan
10	Species	Species		Gao, Kunshan
11	Irradiance	E	µmol/m²/s	Gao, Kunshan		Daytime mean PAR
12	Irradiance, standard deviation	E std dev	±	Gao, Kunshan
13	Growth rate	µ	1/day	Gao, Kunshan
14	Growth rate, standard deviation	µ std dev	±	Gao, Kunshan
15	Yield ratio	Yield ratio		Gao, Kunshan		High to low pCO2
16	Non photochemical quenching	NPQ		Gao, Kunshan
17	Non photochemical quenching, standard deviation	NPQ std dev	±	Gao, Kunshan
18	Primary production of carbon, per volume of seawater	PP C sw	%	Gao, Kunshan
19	Primary production of carbon, standard deviation	PP C std dev	±	Gao, Kunshan		Per volume of sea water
20	Primary production of carbon, per chlorophyll a	PP C chl a	%	Gao, Kunshan
21	Primary production of carbon, standard deviation	PP C std dev	±	Gao, Kunshan		Per volume of chl a
22	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Gao, Kunshan		in situ
23	pH	pH		Gao, Kunshan		in situ
24	Phosphate	[PO4]3-	µmol/l	Gao, Kunshan
25	Irradiance	E	µmol/m²/s	Gao, Kunshan		Solar PAR during 14C-traced incubations
26	Chlorophyll a	Chl a	µg/l	Gao, Kunshan		Surface seawater
27	Chlorophyll a	Chl a	µg/l	Gao, Kunshan		Concentration of phytoplankton assemblages grown for 6-7 days, in the microcosms at station PN07 was not measured
28	Primary production of carbon	PP C	µg/l/h	Gao, Kunshan		Phytoplankton assemblages grown in the low CO2 microcosms at the end (day 7) of the growth-out in the microcosms
29	Primary production of carbon, standard deviation	PP C std dev	±	Gao, Kunshan
30	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Gao, Kunshan
31	Salinity	Sal		Gao, Kunshan
32	pH	pH		Gao, Kunshan	Potentiometric	total scale
33	pH, standard deviation	pH std dev	±	Gao, Kunshan	Potentiometric	total scale
34	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Gao, Kunshan	Calculated using CO2SYS
35	Alkalinity, total, standard deviation	AT std dev	±	Gao, Kunshan	Calculated using CO2SYS
36	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Gao, Kunshan
37	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation	DIC std dev	±	Gao, Kunshan
38	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Gao, Kunshan	Calculated using CO2SYS
39	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Gao, Kunshan	Calculated using CO2SYS
40	Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation	[HCO3]- std dev	±	Gao, Kunshan	Calculated using CO2SYS
41	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Gao, Kunshan	Calculated using CO2SYS
42	Carbonate ion, standard deviation	[CO3]2- std dev	±	Gao, Kunshan	Calculated using CO2SYS
43	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
44	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
45	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
46	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
47	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
48	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
49	Alkalinity, total, standard deviation	AT std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
50	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
51	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

17109 data points

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