Not logged in
PANGAEA.
Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science

Nicolaus, Marcel; Haas, Christian; Willmes, Sascha (2009): First-year and second-year snow properties on sea ice in the Weddell Sea during POLARSTERN cruise ANT-XXII/2 (ISPOL) during the drift. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.759716, Supplement to: Nicolaus, M et al. (2009): Evolution of first-year and second-year snow properties on sea ice in the Weddell Sea during spring-summer transition. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 114, D17109, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JD011227

Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.

RIS CitationBibTeX CitationShow MapGoogle Earth

Abstract:
Observations of snow properties, superimposed ice, and atmospheric heat fluxes have been performed on first-year and second-year sea ice in the western Weddell Sea, Antarctica. Snow in this region is particular as it does usually survive summer ablation. Measurements were performed during Ice Station Polarstern (ISPOL), a 5-week drift station of the German icebreaker RV Polarstern. Net heat flux to the snowpack was 8 W/m**2, causing only 0.1 to 0.2 m of thinning of both snow cover types, thinner first-year and thicker second-year snow. Snow thinning was dominated by compaction and evaporation, whereas melt was of minor importance and occurred only internally at or close to the surface. Characteristic differences between snow on first-year and second-year ice were found in snow thickness, temperature, and stratigraphy. Snow on second-year ice was thicker, colder, denser, and more layered than on first-year ice. Metamorphism and ablation, and thus mass balance, were similar between both regimes, because they depend more on surface heat fluxes and less on underground properties. Ice freeboard was mostly negative, but flooding occurred mainly on first-year ice. Snow and ice interface temperature did not reach the melting point during the observation period. Nevertheless, formation of discontinuous superimposed ice was observed. Color tracer experiments suggest considerable meltwater percolation within the snow, despite below-melting temperatures of lower layers. Strong meridional gradients of snow and sea-ice properties were found in this region. They suggest similar gradients in atmospheric and oceanographic conditions and implicate their importance for melt processes and the location of the summer ice edge.
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -67.877675 * Median Longitude: -55.266823 * South-bound Latitude: -68.191870 * West-bound Longitude: -55.666840 * North-bound Latitude: -67.352670 * East-bound Longitude: -54.836800
Date/Time Start: 2004-11-28T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2008-12-31T12:00:00
Event(s):
PS67/2-track * Latitude Start: -33.911860 * Longitude Start: 18.434600 * Latitude End: -33.911865 * Longitude End: 18.434600 * Date/Time Start: 2004-11-04T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2005-01-20T12:00:00 * Elevation Start: -999.0 m * Elevation End: -999.0 m * Location: South Atlantic Ocean * Campaign: ANT-XXII/2 (PS67 ISPOL) * Basis: Polarstern * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT)
Size:
11 datasets

Download Data

Download ZIP file containing all datasets as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

Datasets listed in this publication series

  1. Nicolaus, M; Haas, C; Willmes, S (2009): Figure 4. Surface albedo of sea ice with snow during POLARSTERN cruise ANT-XXII/2 (ISPOL) during the drift. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.759674
  2. Nicolaus, M; Haas, C; Willmes, S (2009): Figure 3. Daily means of net energy fluxes and surface albedo during POLARSTERN cruise ANT-XXII/2 (ISPOL) during the drift. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.759613
  3. Nicolaus, M; Haas, C; Willmes, S (2009): Figure 5. Mean snow thickness of different sites on sea ice during POLARSTERN cruise ANT-XXII/2 (ISPOL) during the drift. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.759617
  4. Nicolaus, M; Haas, C; Willmes, S (2009): (Figure 9) Vertically averaged snow density from volumetric measurements during POLARSTERN cruise ANT-XXII/2 (ISPOL) during the drift. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.759712
  5. Nicolaus, M; Haas, C; Willmes, S (2009): (Figure 9+10) Vertically averaged snow density and snow wetness from meausurement with a snow fork during POLARSTERN cruise ANT-XXII/2 (ISPOL) during the drift. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.759713
  6. Nicolaus, M; Haas, C; Willmes, S (2009): Figure 9+10. Calculated means of snow density and snow wetness from meausurement with a snow fork during POLARSTERN cruise ANT-XXII/2 (ISPOL) during the drift. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.759714
  7. Nicolaus, M; Haas, C; Willmes, S (2009): Figure 6. Snow stratigraphy of first- and second-year snow covers on sea ice during POLARSTERN cruise ANT-XXII/2 (ISPOL) during the drift. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.759676
  8. Nicolaus, M; Haas, C; Willmes, S (2009): Figure 7. Temperature of snow at its surface (z = zs) and at the snow-ice interface (z = 0) measured on first- and second-year snow on sea ice during POLARSTERN cruise ANT-XXII/2 (ISPOL) during the drift. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.759678
  9. Nicolaus, M; Haas, C; Willmes, S (2009): Figure 8. Snow temperature gradients on different sites on sea ice during POLARSTERN cruise ANT-XXII/2 (ISPOL) during the drift. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.759623
  10. Nicolaus, M; Haas, C; Willmes, S (2009): (Figure 12) Sulforhodamin-B concentration from surface cores of snow and ice layers in different time intervals (5 to 124 h) after injection during POLARSTERN cruise ANT-XXII/2 (ISPOL) during the drift. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.759715
  11. Nicolaus, M; Haas, C; Willmes, S (2009): (Figure 2) Radiation and weather conditions during POLARSTERN cruise ANT-XXII/2 (ISPOL) during the drift. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.759602