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Hornick, Thomas; Bach, Lennart Thomas; Crawfurd, Katharine J; Spilling, Kristian; Achterberg, Eric Pieter; Woodhouse, Jason N; Schulz, Kai Georg; Brussaard, Corina P D; Riebesell, Ulf; Grossart, Hans-Peter (2016): KOSMOS Finland 2012 mesocosm study: Size-fractionated bacterial protein production (BPP) of free-living and particle associated bacteria and abundance of particle associated heterotrophic prokaryotes. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.868621, Supplement to: Hornick, T et al. (2017): Ocean acidification impacts bacteria–phytoplankton coupling at low-nutrient conditions. Biogeosciences, 14(1), 1-15, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1-2017

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Abstract:
The oceans absorb about a quarter of the annually produced anthropogenic atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), resulting in a decrease in surface water pH, a process termed ocean acidification (OA). Surprisingly little is known about how OA affects the physiology of heterotrophic bacteria or the coupling of heterotrophic bacteria to phytoplankton when nutrients are limited. Previous experiments were, for the most part, undertaken during productive phases or following nutrient additions designed to stimulate algal blooms. Therefore, we performed an in situ large-volume mesocosm (ca. 55 m**3) experiment in the Baltic Sea by simulating different fugacities of CO2 (fCO2) extending from present to future conditions. The study was conducted in July?August after the nominal spring bloom, in order to maintain low-nutrient conditions throughout the experiment. This resulted in phytoplankton communities dominated by small-sized functional groups (picophytoplankton). There was no consistent fCO2-induced effect on bacterial protein production (BPP), cell-specific BPP (csBPP) or biovolumes (BVs) of either free-living (FL) or particle-associated (PA) heterotrophic bacteria, when considered as individual components (univariate analyses). Permutational Multivariate Analysis of Variance (PERMANOVA) revealed a significant effect of the fCO2 treatment on entire assemblages of dissolved and particulate nutrients, metabolic parameters and the bacteria?phytoplankton community. However, distance-based linear modelling only identified fCO2 as a factor explaining the variability observed amongst the microbial community composition, but not for explaining variability within the metabolic parameters. This suggests that fCO2 impacts on microbial metabolic parameters occurred indirectly through varying physicochemical parameters and microbial species composition. Cluster analyses examining the co-occurrence of different functional groups of bacteria and phytoplankton further revealed a separation of the four fCO2-treated mesocosms from both control mesocosms, indicating that complex trophic interactions might be altered in a future acidified ocean. Possible consequences for nutrient cycling and carbon export are still largely unknown, in particular in a nutrient-limited ocean.
Related to:
Paul, Allanah Joy; Schulz, Kai Georg; Achterberg, Eric Pieter; Hellemann, Dana; Nausch, Monika; Boxhammer, Tim; Bach, Lennart Thomas; Trense, Yves (2016): KOSMOS Finland 2012 mesocosm study: carbonate chemistry, particulate and dissolved matter pools, and phytoplankton community composition using marker pigments (CHEMTAX). PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.863032
Spilling, Kristian; Paul, Allanah Joy; Virkkala, Niklas; Hastings, Tom; Lischka, Silke; Stuhr, Annegret; Bermúdez Monsalve, Rafael; Czerny, Jan; Boxhammer, Tim; Schulz, Kai Georg; Ludwig, Andrea; Riebesell, Ulf (2016): KOSMOS Finland 2012 mesocosm study: primary production and respiration. Finnish Environment Institute, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.863933
Coverage:
Latitude: 59.858330 * Longitude: 23.258330
Date/Time Start: 2012-06-19T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2012-08-04T00:00:00
Event(s):
KOSMOS_2012_Tvaerminne * Latitude: 59.858330 * Longitude: 23.258330 * Date/Time: 2012-06-12T00:00:00 * Method/Device: Mesocosm experiment (MESO)
Comment:
Bacterial protein production was determined by measuring incorporation of 14C-Leucine.Abundance of particle associated heterotrophic prokaryotes was determined by epifluorescence microscopy.
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
1DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGrossart, Hans-PeterGeocode
2Day of experimentDOEdayGrossart, Hans-Peter
3Mesocosm labelMeso labelGrossart, Hans-Peter
4Protein production, particle associated bacteriaPA BPP-Cµg/l/dayGrossart, Hans-Petersize fraction >5.0 µm
5Protein production, free-living bacteriaFL BPP-Cµg/l/dayGrossart, Hans-Petersize fraction 0.2-5.0 µm
6Prokaryotes, heterotroph, particle associatedProk het PA#/mlGrossart, Hans-Peter
License:
Licensing unknown: Please contact principal investigator/authors to gain access and request licensing terms (UNKNOWN)
Size:
568 data points

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