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Form, Armin; Riebesell, Ulf (2012): Seawater carbonate chemistry and calcification rate of cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa during experiments, 2011. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.778439, Supplement to: Form, A; Riebesell, U (2011): Acclimation to ocean acidification during long-term CO2 exposure in the cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa. Global Change Biology, 18(3), 843-853, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02583.x

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Abstract:
Ocean acidity has increased by 30% since preindustrial times due to the uptake of anthropogenic CO2 and is projected to rise by another 120% before 2100 if CO2 emissions continue at current rates. Ocean acidification is expected to have wide-ranging impacts on marine life, including reduced growth and net erosion of coral reefs. Our present understanding of the impacts of ocean acidification on marine life, however, relies heavily on results from short-term CO2 perturbation studies. Here we present results from the first long-term CO2 perturbation study on the dominant reef-building cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa and relate them to results from a short-term study to compare the effect of exposure time on the coral's responses. Short-term (one week) high CO2 exposure resulted in a decline of calcification by 26-29% for a pH decrease of 0.1 units and net dissolution of calcium carbonate. In contrast, L. pertusa was capable to acclimate to acidified conditions in long-term (six months) incubations, leading to even slightly enhanced rates of calcification. Net growth is sustained even in waters sub-saturated with respect to aragonite. Acclimation to seawater acidification did not cause a measurable increase in metabolic rates. This is the first evidence of successful acclimation in a coral species to ocean acidification, emphasizing the general need for long-term incubations in ocean acidification research. To conclude on the sensitivity of cold-water coral reefs to future ocean acidification further ecophysiological studies are necessary which should also encompass the role of food availability and rising temperatures.
Keyword(s):
Animalia; Benthic animals; Benthos; Calcification/Dissolution; Cnidaria; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Deep-sea; Laboratory experiment; Lophelia pertusa; North Atlantic; Single species; Temperate
Funding:
Seventh Framework Programme (FP7), grant/award no. 211384: European Project on Ocean Acidification
Sixth Framework Programme (FP6), grant/award no. 511106: European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis
Comment:
In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne and Gattuso, 2011) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI).
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
1Experimental treatmentExp treatForm, Armin
2Alkalinity, totalATµmol/kgForm, ArminPotentiometric open-cell titration
3Carbon, inorganic, dissolvedDICµmol/kgForm, ArminAutomated segmented-flow analyzer (Quaatro)
4Calcification rate of calcium carbonate per polypCalc rate CaCO3/polypµg/dayForm, ArminBuoyant weighing technique according to Davies (1989)
5pHpHNisumaa, Anne-MarinCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)Total scale
6Carbon dioxideCO2µmol/kgNisumaa, Anne-MarinCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
7Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)pCO2water_SST_wetµatmNisumaa, Anne-MarinCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
8Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)fCO2water_SST_wetµatmNisumaa, Anne-MarinCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
9Bicarbonate ion[HCO3]-µmol/kgNisumaa, Anne-MarinCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
10Carbonate ion[CO3]2-µmol/kgNisumaa, Anne-MarinCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
11Carbon, inorganic, dissolvedDICµmol/kgNisumaa, Anne-MarinCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
12Aragonite saturation stateOmega ArgNisumaa, Anne-MarinCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
13Calcite saturation stateOmega CalNisumaa, Anne-MarinCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
14Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)pCO2water_SST_wetµatmForm, ArminCalculated using CO2SYS
15Carbon dioxide, partial pressure, standard deviationpCO2 std dev±Form, Armin
16SalinitySalForm, ArminConductivity meter (WTW, Weilheim, Gemany)
17Salinity, standard deviationSal std dev±Form, Armin
18Temperature, waterTemp°CForm, ArminConductivity meter (WTW, Weilheim, Gemany)
19Temperature, standard deviationT std dev±Form, Armin
20Alkalinity, total, standard deviationAT std dev±Form, Armin
21Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviationDIC std dev±Form, Armin
22Bicarbonate ion[HCO3]-µmol/kgForm, ArminCalculated using CO2SYS
23Aragonite saturation stateOmega ArgForm, ArminCalculated using CO2SYS
24Calcification rateCalc rate%/dayForm, Arminsee reference(s)
25Carbonate system computation flagCSC flagNisumaa, Anne-MarinCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
26Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation[HCO3]- std dev±Form, Armin
27pHpHForm, ArminConductivity meter (WTW, Weilheim, Gemany)
28pH, standard deviationpH std dev±Form, Armin
29Aragonite saturation state, standard deviationOmega Arg std dev±Form, Armin
Status:
Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)
Size:
787 data points

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