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Widdicombe, Stephen; Beesley, A; Berge, J A; Dashfield, S L; McNeill, C L; Needham, H R; Øxnevad, S (2013): Impact of elevated levels of CO2 on animal mediated ecosystem function: The modification of sediment nutrient fluxes by burrowing urchins. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.833188, Supplement to: Widdicombe, S et al. (2013): Impact of elevated levels of CO2 on animal mediated ecosystem function: The modification of sediment nutrient fluxes by burrowing urchins. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 73(2), 416-427, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.11.008

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Abstract:
A mesocosm experiment was conducted to quantify the relationships between the presence and body size of two burrowing heart urchins (Brissopsis lyrifera and Echinocardium cordatum) and rates of sediment nutrient flux. Furthermore, the impact of seawater acidification on these relationships was determined during this 40-day exposure experiment. Using carbon dioxide (CO2) gas, seawater was acidified to pHNBS 7.6, 7.2 or 6.8. Control treatments were maintained in natural seawater (pH = 8.0). Under normocapnic conditions, burrowing urchins were seen to reduce the sediment uptake of nitrite or nitrate whilst enhancing the release of silicate and phosphate. In acidified (hypercapnic) treatments, the biological control of biogeochemical cycles by urchins was significantly affected, probably through the combined impacts of high CO2 on nitrifying bacteria, benthic algae and urchin behaviour. This study highlights the importance of considering biological interactions when predicting the consequences of seawater acidification on ecosystem function.
Keyword(s):
Animalia; Behaviour; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Brissopsis lyrifera; Coast and continental shelf; Echinocardium cordatum; Echinodermata; Laboratory experiment; Mortality/Survival; North Atlantic; Single species; Temperate
Further details:
Lavigne, Héloïse; Epitalon, Jean-Marie; Gattuso, Jean-Pierre (2014): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 3.0. https://cran.r-project.org/package=seacarb
Comment:
In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne et al, 2014) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation is 2014-06-05.
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
1SpeciesSpeciesWiddicombe, Stephen
2TreatmentTreatWiddicombe, Stephen
3MassMassgWiddicombe, Stephen
4SizeSizeWiddicombe, Stephen
5Nitrite, flux[NO2]- fluxµmol/m2/dayWiddicombe, Stephen
6Nitrate, flux[NO3]- fluxµmol/m2/dayWiddicombe, Stephen
7Ammonium, flux[NH4]+ fluxmmol/m2/dayWiddicombe, Stephen
8Silicate, fluxSi(OH)4 fluxmmol/m2/dayWiddicombe, Stephen
9Phosphate, flux[PO4]3- fluxµmol/m2/dayWiddicombe, Stephen
10StatusStatusWiddicombe, Stephen
11CommentCommentWiddicombe, Stephen
12SalinitySalWiddicombe, Stephen
13Salinity, standard deviationSal std dev±Widdicombe, Stephen
14pHpHWiddicombe, StephenPotentiometricNBS scale, header tanks
15pH, standard deviationpH std dev±Widdicombe, StephenPotentiometricNBS scale, header tanks
16Temperature, waterTemp°CWiddicombe, Stephenheader tanks
17Temperature, water, standard deviationTemp std dev±Widdicombe, Stephenheader tanks
18Alkalinity, totalATmmol(eq)/lWiddicombe, StephenPotentiometric titrationheader tanks
19Alkalinity, total, standard deviationAT std dev±Widdicombe, StephenPotentiometric titrationheader tanks
20Carbonate system computation flagCSC flagYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
21pHpHYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)total scale
22Carbon dioxideCO2µmol/kgYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
23Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)pCO2water_SST_wetµatmYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
24Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)fCO2water_SST_wetµatmYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
25Bicarbonate ion[HCO3]-µmol/kgYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
26Carbonate ion[CO3]2-µmol/kgYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
27Carbon, inorganic, dissolvedDICµmol/kgYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
28Alkalinity, totalATµmol/kgYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
29Aragonite saturation stateOmega ArgYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
30Calcite saturation stateOmega CalYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
Status:
Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)
Size:
4040 data points

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