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Rutgers van der Loeff, Michiel M; Cassar, Nicolas; Nicolaus, Marcel; Rabe, Benjamin; Stimac, Ingrid (2014): Radon 222 and Radium 226 measured on water bottle samples during POLARSTERN cruise ARK-XXVI/3 (TransArc) [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.823179, Supplement to: Rutgers van der Loeff, MM et al. (2014): The influence of sea ice cover on air-sea gas exchange estimated with radon-222 profiles. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 119(5), 2735-2751, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013JC009321

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Abstract:
Air-sea gas exchange plays a key role in the cycling of greenhouse and other biogeochemically important gases. Although air-sea gas transfer is expected to change as a consequence of the rapid decline in summer Arctic sea ice cover, little is known about the effect of sea ice cover on gas exchange fluxes, especially in the marginal ice zone. During the Polarstern expedition ARK-XXVI/3 (TransArc, August/September 2011) to the central Arctic Ocean, we compared 222Rn/226Ra ratios in the upper 50 m of 14 ice-covered and 4 ice-free stations. At three of the ice-free stations, we find 222Rn-based gas transfer coefficients in good agreement with expectation based on published relationships between gas transfer and wind speed over open water when accounting for wind history from wind reanalysis data. We hypothesize that the low gas transfer rate at the fourth station results from reduced fetch due to the proximity of the ice edge, or lateral exchange across the front at the ice edge by restratification. No significant radon deficit could be observed at the ice-covered stations. At these stations, the average gas transfer velocity was less than 0.1 m/d (97.5% confidence), compared to 0.5-2.2 m/d expected for open water. Our results show that air-sea gas exchange in an ice-covered ocean is reduced by at least an order of magnitude compared to open water. In contrast to previous studies, we show that in partially ice-covered regions, gas exchange is lower than expected based on a linear scaling to percent ice cover.
Project(s):
Marine Geochemistry @ AWI (AWI_MarGeoChem)
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 84.383477 * Median Longitude: 138.579227 * South-bound Latitude: 78.493500 * West-bound Longitude: 58.974830 * North-bound Latitude: 89.965330 * East-bound Longitude: -128.323500
Date/Time Start: 2011-08-13T18:48:00 * Date/Time End: 2011-09-22T13:41:00
Minimum DEPTH, water: m * Maximum DEPTH, water: 50 m
Event(s):
PS78/201-5 * Latitude Start: 85.519500 * Longitude Start: 59.682500 * Latitude End: 85.519500 * Longitude End: 59.682500 * Date/Time Start: 2011-08-13T18:48:00 * Date/Time End: 2011-08-13T18:48:00 * Elevation Start: -3784.0 m * Elevation End: -3784.0 m * Location: Arctic Ocean * Campaign: ARK-XXVI/3 (PS78 TransArc) * Basis: Polarstern * Method/Device: Water Multi Sampler (MUWS)
PS78/205-3 * Latitude Start: 86.328670 * Longitude Start: 59.289500 * Latitude End: 86.328670 * Longitude End: 59.290170 * Date/Time Start: 2011-08-15T15:01:00 * Date/Time End: 2011-08-15T15:02:00 * Elevation Start: -2112.3 m * Elevation End: -2114.0 m * Location: Arctic Ocean * Campaign: ARK-XXVI/3 (PS78 TransArc) * Basis: Polarstern * Method/Device: Water Multi Sampler (MUWS)
PS78/209-6 * Latitude Start: 86.982170 * Longitude Start: 58.974830 * Latitude End: 86.982500 * Longitude End: 59.007170 * Date/Time Start: 2011-08-17T19:31:00 * Date/Time End: 2011-08-17T19:48:00 * Elevation Start: -4636.4 m * Elevation End: -4617.4 m * Location: Arctic Ocean * Campaign: ARK-XXVI/3 (PS78 TransArc) * Basis: Polarstern * Method/Device: Water Multi Sampler (MUWS)
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
1Event labelEvent
2Date/Time of eventDate/Time
3Latitude of eventLatitude
4Longitude of eventLongitude
5Elevation of eventElevationm
6DEPTH, waterDepth watermGeocode
7Radon-222222Rndpm/100 lRutgers van der Loeff, Michiel MAlpha-scintillation
8Radon-222, standard deviation222Rn std dev±Rutgers van der Loeff, Michiel M1sigma
9Radium-226226Radpm/100 lRutgers van der Loeff, Michiel MGamma-ray spectrometry
10Radium-226, standard deviation226Ra std dev±Rutgers van der Loeff, Michiel M1sigma
11Radon-222/Radium-226 activity ratio(222Rn/226Ra)Rutgers van der Loeff, Michiel MCalculatednormalized to the average activity ratio at depths in excess of mixed layer depth at ice stations PS78/201-PS78/271
12Radon-222/Radium-226 activity ratio, standard deviation(222Ra/226Ra) std dev±Rutgers van der Loeff, Michiel M
13SalinitySalRutgers van der Loeff, Michiel M
14Radium-226, normalized to salinity 35226Ra35dpm/100 lRutgers van der Loeff, Michiel MCalculated
Size:
703 data points

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